Sandblasting is a process that involves forcibly propelling a stream of abrasive material, usually sand, against a surface at high speed to clean, smooth, or roughen the surface. This technique is often used in a variety of industries, such as construction, manufacturing, and restoration, to prepare surfaces for painting, coating, or other forms of treatment. Sandblasting is also employed to remove dirt, rust, old paint, or any other unwanted material from a surface.

The process of sandblasting works by directing a high-pressure stream of abrasive particles toward a surface through a nozzle. The abrasive particles, typically made from sand, but sometimes from other materials like glass beads, steel grit, or aluminum oxide, are propelled by compressed air or water. These particles act like tiny projectiles, scouring the surface and dislodging impurities or unwanted coatings. The force of the abrasive particles can also alter the texture of the surface, making it rougher or smoother depending on the desired result.